WASHINGTON — In his opening remarks at an arrival ceremony for visiting Chinese leader Xi Jinping, President Trump said the two countries should work together, recalling how during World War II the two country’s militaries fought on the same side.

In his remarks, President Xi emphasized the respect he and Trump have developed for each other. He invited 100,000 American students to visit China in the next five years, and he also announced that two pandas would soon be on loan to the Atlanta Zoo.

Xi Jinping also reiterated what he calls “strategic stability” to form the basis of the Sino-American relationship, a framing popularized last October when the two leaders met in Busan in South Korea.

The friendly remarks bely, however, what has been a tense relationship between the two global superpowers. They range from technology to trade to Tehran.

AI in focus

In a post on Truth Social Thursday morning, President Trump wrote that artificial intelligence will be a big topic of discussion in today’s meetings with Chinese President Xi Jinping, “but I want to leave it exactly where it is. That is China’s position also. Our guardrail is the DOJ!”

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said Sunday that Washington and Beijing are discussing ways to warn each other about AI incidents that pose national security risks. AI executives in the U.S. have warned each other in recent weeks to slow down their development of the technology in order to ensure public safety. In a response to Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei’s essay titled “We Must Pace the Frontier,” a spokesperson for China’s government dismissed the proposal as unfair, accusing the call for safety rules as an attempt to hold back Chinese competition.

Artificial Intelligence robots demonstrate working on power grid control units during a media organized tour at Guangdong Power Grid Robotics Laboratory in Guangzhou, in southern China’s Guangdong province, on April 16.

Andy Wong/AP

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Andy Wong/AP

For its part, China’s AI industry is backed by hundreds of billions in state-led funds and a government that has said that AI-powered technology should permeate 90% of China’s key industrial sectors by 2030.

Iran on the agenda

Xi’s state visit this week comes as the U.S. continues a months-long naval blockade on Iranian ports in the Strait of Hormuz, cutting off an estimated 12% of China’s oil imports. China is Iran’s largest trading partner, and Trump may ask Xi to play a part in peace talks with Tehran, analysts say.

Nate Swanson, director of the Iran Strategy Project with the Atlantic Council’s Scowcroft Middle East Security Initiative, says China could provide an offramp for President Trump.